Evaluate Assessment Activities free essay sample

Portray, utilize and assess two diverse evaluation exercises used to check the learning of either people or a gathering of students. Examine the reason for evaluation and produce a composed legitimization of your picked appraisal technique. Utilize a concentrate from your showing practice portfolio and think about how your input has educated your students progress and accomplishment and how criticism from others has educated your own proficient practice. Presentation In my first year at College I have conveyed Entry and Level 2 Motorvehicle Maintenance and with no past experience of this course evaluation was something I leant at work as it were. At first it was games and questions and answers followed by tests which were essentially useful. As the year advanced I at that point began doing formal down to earth works out (watched appraisals), Web based activities lastly various decision test style questions. The Entry level course is surveyed simply by portfolio (questions and replies in addition to work cards) yet the Level 2 course has a summative test component. These are spread throughout the year and all out 5. The two I will talk about are the watched appraisals and occupation card creation. Occupation card creation The principal appraisal technique I will examine is the finishing of employment cards. As a component of the course (either gathering) the students all total handy undertakings in the workshop. To be sure this is one of the features for them as they are not a scholastically put together gathering with respect to the entirety. Each down to earth task is intended to fortify the hypothesis component that was canvassed in the past talks. During the functional we (staff) ensure the students comprehend what they are doing and its pertinence to the theme close by. We additionally check they make notes to help with work card finishing. Separation is likewise polished, not in the undertaking itself yet the bicycle they are given to chip away at. Some are simpler than others for given occupations. When the undertaking has been finished and the workshop cleared up and all apparatuses set aside and so on (I. e. there is a break from the first assignment close by) they all need to finish a vocation card to reflect what they have been doing. During this time I watch out for what they are composing and frequently challenge them on different realities. I discovered ome students attempted to recollect what they had quite recently done even with the assistance of notes while others finished the undertaking practically independent. During this errand the aftereffects of surveying adapting truly got self-evident. It was fascinating that generally it was consistently similar students that has similar issues. Throughout the year they improved, some more than others. There were a few anyway who had hit their roof with what we should think about these exceptionally basic errands. Luckily the course requests a developmental appraisal approach and this last errand of finishing the activity cards is just about a convention and not something you can fizzle at. The main part of the course evaluation was done really during the functional errand. This was more the situation for Entry level students than the Level 2 students. Level 2 students needed to finish comparative undertakings and so on yet were marginally better at finishing work cards. Again this was not something they could come up short at. In the event that it was wrong they basically balanced it until it was. For the students this assignment was not one they savored as only they are kinaesthetic students with an antipathy for both perusing and composing and frequently tuning in. This was thusly a serious hard errand for the students yet a fundamental one as the course requested it as proof of their learning. It opened the open door for conversation in any case and loads of them took in a great deal during these meetings. There was likewise a component of cooperation with respect to the most part they worked in bunches doing the workshop undertakings. As the year advanced and thinking about my showing portfolio, no matter what every one of my students improved and at times picked up the certainty and want to help other people which was extremely promising. Strikingly this was the less capable helping those that may have missed a meeting and so on. An incredible lift in fearlessness for them and the class for the most part. As the instructor from this entire workshop process I had the option to separate between those prone to be specialist material, the individuals who may make fitters and the individuals who were not going to make it in the field. With the advantage of knowing the past these impressions are exact up until now. Watched appraisals This is for the Level 2 students just and includes completing a commonsense errand on a motorvehicle under close to test conditions I. e. no conversing with different students in the room and so on. They could converse with the instructors and pose a few inquiries. This was an especially informational assignment for us the educators as the student is out of nowhere on his/her own as opposed to in a gathering as they had been in the typical workshop meetings. As the educator we had barely any astonishments with the presentation of the students yet there were a couple of at an early stage. These were fundamentally in light of the fact that it was conceivable during the workshop meetings to take a rearward sitting arrangement and let your gathering do the majority of the work. In light of this they were uncertain when it went to their evaluation which is just not out of the ordinary. While most students finished the errands effectively there were a couple of issues true to form. Returning to my ethic of attempting to regard them as grown-ups I attempted to loosen up them while carrying out the responsibility and diminish the typical pressure related with this sort of errand. This was mostly around disappointment either in the assignment or to finish in the designated time. I invested a ton of energy consoling them that in the event that it didn’t work out it was anything but an issue, we would do what needs to be done again after some more practice. In the early appraisals the students looked as if they were stepping on glass however as the year advanced and they loose and started to know our limits it turned into an agreeable exercise for them. For the instructor again it gave an abundance of data on their advancement, information and certainty and gave us conversation material for both the students and guardians evening. These assignments allowed the students a chance to show their insight and mastery and thus progress through the course educational program. There was no gaining starting with one understudy then onto the next obviously however there was a decent serious soul around progress and time keeping. The reason for evaluation ‘Assessment is a proportion of learning, at a given point in time’ [ ]. Taken on its own this is fairly separate so it ought to be noticed that the evaluation procedure is a ‘a two way process’ [ ]. This implies the instructor should accept input from the appraisal procedure and where essential adjust their training practices to improve the general learning experience. At its least complex this is for arranging further educating and evaluation. There are a few techniques for appraisal, some of them formal e. g. perceptions, tests, tests and so forth and some are casual e. g. questions and replies, tests and so on lastly there are starting, developmental and summative appraisals. In these beginning of the course it appeared to be sensible to utilize the above appraisal techniques as they were contributing straightforwardly towards the result of the course and its proof based measures. The school decision of inspecting board (City and Guilds) has left me almost no degree for modification of the evaluation techniques I have delineated. Looking forward however I intend to make the activity cards much simpler to finish which will help in hitting the City and Guilds targets while going some path towards evacuating the reliance on perusing and composing particularly the English component. I have different designs to re-present this however with research based schoolwork as the utilitarian abilities components must not be ignored. Input from my students on my underlying endeavors has been extremely reassuring. Along these lines, while my point is to follow on what Dr Patrick Geoghegan says ‘the understudies could test themselves in a non-scaring way that could be fun’ [ ] I understand there is a best approach however we have made incredible steps this year and one year from now will be better. Positively, this year has been a lofty expectation to absorb information for both the students and educators however we are advancing together and it is looking encouraging on the movement starting with one level then onto the next. I was seen by my director and during the look up meeting up some other time got criticism about my educating meeting. The most intriguing point for me was the degree of the talk. It was an apparently straightforward subject on exhaust frameworks yet during the talk the class and I got into an intriguing conversation which veered off into the speed of sound through various temperature gases, etc. The criticism was essentially to keep the talk on target. To this end I have now begun to pre-empt little preoccupations like this with extra slides either toward the end or in a different introduction. Along these lines I can cover these focuses sometime in the not too distant future or toward the end if suitable. Isolating these out likewise implies when I put my introductions on Moodle I can just set up the center show and hold some back for separation purposes. End Good evaluation methods especially developmental ones can be implanted into the exercise and practically unnoticeable to the students. There are obviously the more conventional strategies which are increasingly evident e. g. QA, tests and so on. For myself I have been utilizing a huge scope of evaluation methods some of which I didn't understand I was doing toward the start. During the year the evaluation procedure has been a fascinating expectation to absorb information for both myself and my students. I have included them as much as could reasonably be expected and a portion of the input from them has been extremely smart and thus took care of go into the procedure. At long last, criticism to the student from appraisal ought to consistently be as productive as could be expected under the circumstances. This is upheld by the accompanying statement ‘assessment input †¦. ought to consistently be constructive’ [ ]. List of sources Books Ann Grav

Observation Paper Essay Example for Free

Perception Paper Essay Congruity is conduct change intended to coordinate the activities of others. During my examination, I discovered numerous instances of conformitive conduct. I regularly related adjustment to teenagers because of the way that they as a rule give a valiant effort to attempt to fit in with regards to gather settings. This sort of conduct can be found in undergrads going to instructive offices from home. Those that are in dormitories will in general enjoy drinking regardless of whether they aren’t â€Å"big drinkers†. They do this to comply with that of others and to be remembered for the fun and attempt and fit in. One final model that I will talk about before getting into my own perception, was the investigation that was done my Crandall in 1988 which analyzed standardizing social impacts including bulimia in school sororities. Sororities are the genuine meaning of congruity and those that don’t acclimate are typically not permitted to keep on promising. In the specific sororities that were inspected, Crandall found that it had its own standard when it went to the â€Å"right† measure of food to eat and the ubiquity inside the sorority was related with clinging to this standard. Those that needed to be a piece of the sororities expected to fit in with the â€Å"norm† and fell into a bulimic state. These young ladies needed to of realized this was not beneficial for them yet they needed to keep on happening to part of this gathering and follow the â€Å"norm† that was set out. To me, this is simply crazy. A few of us have issues with acclimating and I trust I’m one of those individuals. The perception that I chose to direct was that of a military setting. I chose to do this dependent on the way that when I was in the military, there were times when I battled with those selected over me since I knew the errands that they were giving me weren't right. I wasn’t ready to accommodate when I knew it wasn’t right. This is the place my â€Å"issue† with power became an integral factor. The military is one of, if not the biggest, association that expects adjustment without limit. Those that don’t accommodate will be rebuffed. During my perusing I found a Japanese saying that truly hit near and dear. â€Å"The nail that sticks up gets pounded down†. What that way to me is that it’s better to not hang out in the gathering but instead acclimate and fall among them. Preceding the beginning of my perception, I had a foundation of the military setting so I surmise we could call that an uncalled for advantage on the grounds that perhaps I didn’t go into this task with liberality. I had the accepted thought that those being watched wouldâ conform to the measures set out by the military authority responsible for them in any case in the event that they imagined that it was correct/wrong. I imagined that regulating weight would become an integral factor since those that are in legitimate position are regarded and turned upward to. In this way, so as to help my suspicion, I chose to have my significant other, who is at present well-trained and a Division Officer, help me. She didn’t do this by decision, yet I had her adjust ï Å¡ I requested that her give staff in her division arranges that they would know weren't right. For example, she gave three separate Sailors (2-E3, 1-E4) bearing to go to McDonald’s to make her something to eat while in an obligation status. At that point, she informed every one of them at obligation area gather that nobody was approved to leave the bounds of the boat on their obligation in any way, shape or form to incorporate going to grab a bite. They all knew this wasn’t permitted however being that she let them know, they believed that it must be correct. There was no scrutinizing mentality, only a â€Å"yes Ma’am† by each and every one. I needed her to make it one stride further so I requested that her accomplish something that would influence the security of Sailors and perceive how they reacted. Would they adjust? Along these lines, every one of her Sailors are required to wear defensive head apparatus and glasses because of the dry dock condition and the risks related. She went to quarters and guided them all to return tomorrow with just their hard caps. She expressed glasses were not, at this point required. Not one individual said anything when she gave this data out. Nobody scrutinized her yet basically just went on about their days. The following day, over 75% of her work force appeared without glasses. This was unmistakably a security infringement and might affect their individual wellbeing but since she was a definitive figure, they acknowledged that hazard and fit in with what she expressed. It wasn’t right yet they did it in any case. After it was finished, she let them realize that it was alright to address things that you thought weren’t right. She educated them about the investigation and expressed that she was amazed such huge numbers of had not followed their senses and made the best choice. I wasn’t so stunned by the outcomes. I saw a ton of Sailors do things that aren’t essentially right since somebody higher positioning let them know and as opposed to addressing them, and conceivably getting in a difficult situation, they simply did it. In this way, the outcomes she got didn’t shock me. In the military, it’s like the implicit rule†¦just adjust. In general, this examination was actually what I thought it would have been. In manyâ situations, we are dubious how to think or act/respond to everyone around us particularly when it’s not the socially acknowledged â€Å"norm†. We will in general utilize the conduct and activities of others to direct what would do. Instructive social impact happens in light of the fact that we acclimate utilizing others as a wellspring of data. That’s precisely what occurred as I would see it. Nobody stood up and said it wasn't right so being that my better half revealed to them it was correct (she was the wellspring of data), they did it! Was it right, no! This is the place I think change needs to occur. Go to bat for what you accept. Don’t simply be insubordinate in light of the fact that you can however have an explanation and remain by it. Discover individuals who have confidence in something very similar that you put stock in and take a position. Her Sailors ought to have trusted in each other and they all ought to have worn their glasses to assemble realizing that it was their security that they were ensuring. Every one of them ought to have risen up to secure themselves!

Understanding Hypersensitivity in ADHD

Understanding Hypersensitivity in ADHD ADHD Print Understanding Hypersensitivity in ADHD By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Updated on February 09, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Jamie Grill/The Image Bank/Getty Images If you have  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  (ADHD), you may notice that you have strong emotional reactions to things that other people seem to take in stride. Heightened, over-the-top emotions with the disorder are very common, in both positive and negative situations. It is also not unusual for individuals with ADHD to feel physically hypersensitive to touch, sounds, light, even the tags on clothing.?? Research shows that many people with ADHD have trouble with emotional regulation, experiencing symptoms such as low frustration tolerance, impulsivity, temper outbursts, and significant mood fluctuations. These are associated with lower quality of life in adults with ADHD, including reduced marital status and a  higher risk of traffic accidents and arrests. Emotional Sensitivities Emotional self-control, particularly as it relates to difficult emotions like frustration, anger, or sadness, can be very challenging for someone with ADHD.?? It is painful to experience negative feelings so deeply and have little ability to control your response. Whats more, emotional sensitivities can often affect social interactions when others are on the receiving end of these strong emotions. When a person is impulsive they simply react driven by the intensity of the moment. To be able to delay a response allows a person to separate a bit from the emotions and react in a more objective way. This ability to delay response is sometimes very difficult for those with ADHD. At this point, it is unclear whether the symptoms related to emotional dysregulation are caused by ADHD itself, or comorbid psychiatric conditions, which many people with ADHD have.?? It is also possible that because of past experiences and growing up with all the negative labels that can be associated with ADHD, some people with ADHD may simply feel more sensitive to negative statements or complaints or even gentle suggestions from others than a person who did not grow up with ADHD. Physical Sensitivities Many people with ADHD are also hypersensitive to their physical surroundings.?? Sounds as subtle as the humming of the air conditioning or lights from a flickering candle or the scratching from a tag on a shirt can become major distractions. When a person is unable to filter and inhibit their responses to incoming stimuliâ€"like sights and soundsâ€"everything becomes a distraction. Instead of having problems with inattention, this person may pay attention to everything whether it is relevant or not. This can be very disorienting. Difficulties integrating sensory input may also contribute to physical sensitivities.?? A simple pat on the shoulder from a caring teacher may feel irritating to some students with ADHD. As a result, the reaction creates problems for this child and confusion for the teacher. For adults with ADHD, these sensitivities around touch and sensory stimulation can also create quite a few problems in intimate relationships. How to Cope While hypersensitivity and heightened emotions can feel like a burden at times, you can learn techniques to help you cope and use these traits to your advantage. People with ADHD are often very creative and empathetic, characteristics that can be big assets in our society. Awareness and understanding of these sensitivities that are often associated with ADHD is a good first stepâ€"as is recognizing that they are part of your disorder, rather than you simply being overly emotional. This can help you avoid unnecessary and unconstructive self-criticism. Other Helpful Ways to Cope With ADHD Scheduling routine downtime every day.Noting when you may be more prone to exaggerated reactions, such as during hormonal fluctuations, affect many women with ADHD.Building regular exercise into your life.   If these issues continue to be troublesome for you, talk with your doctor and, together, develop strategies for managing these sensitivities in your daily life. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Polands Count Casimir Pulaski and His Role in the American Revolution

Count Casimir Pulaski was a noted Polish cavalry commander who saw action during conflicts in Poland and later served in the American Revolution. Early Life Born March 6, 1745, in  Warsaw, Poland, Casimir Pulaski was the son of Jozef and Marianna Pulaski. Schooled locally, Pulaski attended the college of Theatines in Warsaw but did not complete his education. The Advocatus of the Crown Tribunal and the Starosta of Warka, Pulaskis father was a man of influence and was able to obtain for his son the position of page to Carl Christian Joseph of Saxony, Duke of Courland in 1762. Living in the dukes household in Mitau, Pulaski and the remainder of the court were effectively kept captive by the Russians who held hegemony over the region. Returning home the following year, he received the title of starost of ZezuliÅ„ce. In 1764, Pulaski and his family supported the election of StanisÅ‚aw August Poniatowski as King and Grand Duke of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. War of the Bar Confederation By late 1767, the Pulaskis had become dissatisfied with Poniatowski who proved unable to curb Russian influence in the Commonwealth. Feeling that their rights were being threatened, they joined with other nobles in early 1768 and formed a confederation against the government. Meeting at Bar, Podolia, they formed the Bar Confederation and began military operations. Appointed as a cavalry commander, Pulaski began agitating among government forces and was able to secure some defections. On April 20, he won his first battle when he clashed with the enemy near PohoreÅ‚e and achieved another triumph at Starokostiantyniv three days later. Despite these initial successes, he was beaten on April 28 at Kaczanà ³wka.  Moving to Chmielnik in May, Pulaski garrisoned the town but was later compelled to withdraw when reinforcements for his command were beaten. On June 16, Pulaski was captured after attempting to hold the monastery in Berdyczà ³w. Taken by the Russians, they freed him on June 28 after forcing him to pledge that he would not play any further role in the war and that he would work to end the conflict. Returning to the Confederations army, Pulaski promptly renounced the pledge stating that it had been made under duress and therefore was not binding. Despite this, the fact that he had made the pledge reduced his popularity and led some to question whether he should be court-martialed. Resuming active duty in September 1768, he was able to escape the siege of Okopy Ã…Å¡wiÄ™tej Trà ³jcy early the following year. As 1768 progressed, Pulaski conducted a campaign in Lithuania in the hopes of inciting a larger rebellion against the Russians. Though these efforts proved ineffective, he succeeded in bringing 4,000 recruits back for the Confederation. Over the next year, Pulaski developed a reputation as one of the Confederations best field commanders. Continuing to campaign, he suffered a defeat at the Battle of Wlodawa on Sept. 15, 1769, and fell back to  Podkarpacie to rest and refit his men. As a result of his achievements, Pulaski received an appointment to the War Council in March 1771. Despite his skill, he proved difficult to work with and often preferred to operate independently rather than in concert with his allies. That fall, the Confederation commenced a plan to kidnap the king. Though initially resistant, Pulaski later agreed to the plan on the condition that Poniatowski was not harmed. Fall from Power Moving forward, the plot failed and those involved were discredited and the Confederation saw its international reputation damaged. Increasingly distancing himself from his allies, Pulaski spent the winter and spring of 1772 operating around CzÄ™stochowa. In May, he departed the Commonwealth and traveled to Silesia. While in Prussian territory, the Bar Confederation was finally defeated. Tried in absentia, Pulaski was later stripped of his titles and sentenced to death should he ever return to Poland. Seeking employment, he unsuccessfully attempted to obtain a commission in the French Army and later sought to create a Confederation unit during the Russo-Turkish War. Arriving in the Ottoman Empire, Pulaski made little progress before the Turks were defeated. Forced to flee, he departed for Marseilles.   Crossing the Mediterranean, Pulaski arrived in France where he was imprisoned for debts in 1775. After six weeks in prison, his friends secured his release. Coming to America In late summer 1776, Pulaski wrote to the leadership Poland and asked to be allowed to return home. Not receiving a reply, he began to discuss the possibility of serving in the American Revolution with his friend Claude-Carloman de Rulhià ¨re. Connected to the Marquis de Lafayette and Benjamin Franklin, Rulhià ¨re was able to arrange a meeting. This gathering went well and Franklin was highly impressed with the Polish cavalryman. As a result, the American envoy recommended Pulaski to General George Washington and provided a letter of introduction stating that the count was renowned throughout Europe for the courage and bravery he displayed in defense of his countrys freedom. Traveling to Nantes, Pulaski embarked aboard Massachusetts and sailed for America. Arriving at Marblehead, MA on July 23, 1777, he wrote to Washington and informed the American commander that I came here, where freedom is being defended, to serve it, and to live or die for it. Joining the Continental Army Riding south, Pulaski met Washington at the armys headquarters at Neshaminy Falls just north of Philadelphia, PA. Demonstrating his riding ability, he also argued the merits of a strong cavalry wing for the army. Though impressed, Washington lacked the power to give the Pole a commission and a result, Pulaski was forced to spend the next several weeks communicating with the Continental Congress as he worked to secure an official rank. During this time, he traveled with the army and on Sept. 11 was present for the Battle of Brandywine. As the engagement unfolded, he requested permission to take Washingtons bodyguard detachment to scout the American right. In doing so, he found that General Sir William Howe was attempting to flank Washingtons position. Later in the day, with the battle going poorly, Washington empowered Pulaski to gather available forces to cover the American retreat. Effective in this role, the Pole mounted a key charge which aided in holding back the British. In recognition of his efforts, Pulaski was made brigadier general of cavalry on Sept. 15. The first officer to oversee the Continental Armys horse, he became the Father of the American Cavalry. Though only consisting of four regiments, he immediately began devising a new set of regulations and training for his men. As the Philadelphia Campaign continued, he alerted Washington to the British movements that resulted in the abortive Battle of the Clouds on Sept. 15. This saw Washington and Howe briefly meet near Malvern, PA before torrential rains halted the fighting. The following month, Pulaski played a role at the Battle of Germantown on Oct. 4. In the wake of the defeat, Washington withdrew to winter quarters at Valley Forge. As the army encamped, Pulaski unsuccessfully argued in favor of extending the campaign into the winter months. Continuing his work to reform the cavalry, his men were largely based around Trenton, NJ. While there, he aided Brigadier General Anthony Wayne in a successful engagement against the British at Haddonfield, NJ in February 1778. Despite Pulaskis performance and a commendation from Washington, the Poles imperious personality and poor command of English led to tensions with his American subordinates. This was reciprocated due to late wages and Washingtons denial of Pulaskis request to create a unit of lancers. As a result, Pulaski asked to be relieved of his post in March 1778. Pulaski Cavalry Legion Later in the month, Pulaski met with Major General Horatio Gates in Yorktown, VA and shared his idea of creating an independent cavalry and light infantry unit. With Gates aid, his concept was approved by Congress and he was permitted to raise a force of 68 lancers and 200 light infantry. Establishing his headquarters at Baltimore, MD, Pulaski began recruiting men for his Cavalry Legion. Conducting rigorous training through the summer, the unit was plagued by a lack of financial support from Congress. As a result, Pulaski spent his own money when necessary to outfit and equip his men. Ordered to southern New Jersey that fall, part of Pulaskis command was badly defeated by Captain Patrick Ferguson at Little Egg Harbor on Oct. 15. This saw the Poles men surprised as they suffered more than 30 killed before rallying. Riding north, the Legion wintered at Minisink. Increasingly unhappy, Pulaski indicated to Washington that he planned to return to Europe. Interceding, the American commande r convinced him to stay and in February 1779 the Legion received orders to move to Charleston, SC. In the South Arriving later that spring, Pulaski and his men were active in the defense of the city until receiving orders to march to Augusta, GA in early September. Rendezvousing with Brigadier General Lachlan McIntosh, the two commanders led their forces towards Savannah in advance of the main American army led by Major General Benjamin Lincoln. Reaching the city, Pulaski won several skirmishes and established contact with Vice Admiral Comte dEstaings French fleet which was operating offshore. Commencing the Siege of Savannah on September 16, the combined Franco-American forces assaulted the British lines on Oct. 9. In the course of the fighting, Pulaski was mortally wounded by grapeshot while leading a charge forward. Removed from the field, he was taken aboard the privateer Wasp which then sailed for Charleston. Two days later Pulaski died while at sea. Pulaskis heroic death made him a national hero and a large monument was later erected in his memory in Savannahs Monterey Square. Sources NPS: Count Casimir PulaskiPolish-American Center: Casimir PulaskiNNDB: Casimir Pulaski

The Existential Progression of King Lear Essay - 3680 Words

The Existential Progression of King Lear The human condition is the scrutiny of art, Prince Hamlet notes the purpose of art is to hold the mirror against nature. King Lear is a masterful inquiry into the human condition. King Lear is confronted with existence in its barest sense and is forced to adapt to that existence. His adaptation to the absurd provides an invaluable insight for all into the universal problem of existence. Lear is forced into an existential progression that will be traced with the phenomenon of consciousness; the result of this progression is seen ironically in that Lear finds satisfaction in despair. The point of departure of Lear into the unknown of existence is seen when he plunges himself into the†¦show more content†¦Spit, fire. Spout, rain! No rain, wind, thunder, fire are my daughters I tax not you, you elements, with unkindness. I never gave you my kingdom, called you children, You owe me no subscription. Then let fall Your horrible pleasure. Here I stand your slave, A poor, infirm, weak, and despised old man. But yet I call you servile ministers, That will with two pernicious daughters join Your high-engendered battles ‘gainst a head So old and white as this. O, ho! ‘tis foul. (III, ii,14-24) Lear’s phenomenological progression begins with his fury at nature. Lear’s pre-reflective interior consciousness perceives the storm and its relentless ferocity. The storm rages at Lear regardless of who he is and what has happened to him. â€Å"Rumble thy bellyful. Spit, fire. Spout, rain!† (III, ii,14).This is Lear’s pre-reflective interior consciousness perceiving nature; in Lear’s terms, there is consciousness of the storm. What makes this significant, however, is not that there is consciousness of the storm, but that it serves as a transcendent object in that ‘consciousness of the storm’ serves as the base for ‘consciousness of Lear.’ Lear reflects on his pre-reflective consciousness as an object in his ego, the ideal state of psychic emotions. â€Å"I tax not you, you elements, with unkindness./ I never gave you my kingdom†(III, ii, 16-17) Lear, in reflecting on his interior consciousness contemplates the unive rse; he does not blame it for his daughter’sShow MoreRelated William Faulkners Use of Shakespeare Essay5388 Words   |  22 Pageshere that night. He was with me the night of the murder† (439). While Hightower’s situational ethics ultimately fail to save Joe Christmas from the hands of the racist mob, his intervention on Christmas’ behalf marks a major point on Hightower’s progression toward self-awareness, social engagement, and personal responsibility. What is interesting and relevant about all this to my purpose this evening is the reading material that Faulkner assigns to Hightower. During his long period of escape and

Mestizaje and Its Critics Free Essays

A word of many definitions and implications, mestizaje is usually associated with regions that have a history of Spanish or European colonization. It is an issue that has been concealed, denied, and debated upon in the cultural, social, and political sense in these colonized regions. Common issues related to this ideology are racism, racial discrimination, chauvinism, and the like. We will write a custom essay sample on Mestizaje and Its Critics or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this particular paper, the focus group of such ideology would be more on Latin America and the Afro-population or the black since this group mostly experienced the effects of the consequences of such prejudice.   Ariel Dulitzky’s A Region in Denial: Racial Discrimination and Racism in Latin America talks about Latin America’s refusal to tackle the issue on racism and racial discrimination. It summarizes the kinds of denials that this region executes to find their way out before or when getting into discussions about the issues mentioned earlier. These denials are categorized in three: literal denial, interpretive denial, and justificatory denial. Literal denial, as the name implies, is the rejection of the thought that racism exists.   The government does not acknowledge the presence of â€Å"race†, therefore making the existence of racism null. The second category, interpretive denial has four subcategories. In the first, it is not the color of the skin or the race but the social status of the person/group that is being criticized.   This denial is euphemism.   The next one, legislative, is somewhat related to the first category. It is said that there are no laws made about racial discrimination because there is no need for such for the reason that they don’t segregate the race of people. Some argue that there are very few complaints about discrimination.   Maybe because the public is not aware about laws and sanctions, if there are any, regarding acts of racial discrimination. The third category is denial of responsibility. This is when the government says that discriminating acts, or whatever they may want to call it, are due to old practices or traditions. The last category is called just isolated events. An explanation of this would be to say that these events of racism eventually happened just at this day and at this time. There is the denial that it, racism, happened in the past, therefore there can be no way that they can be called a racist region. The last category would be justificatory denial. From its root word â€Å"justify†, people who do this either rationalize things or point a finger to the victims themselves. People in control indicate that they belong to a mixed race, thus racial segregation does not exist. Despite all these denials, the Convention Against Racism or the â€Å"Convention† pulled some strings to help these regions and the victims acknowledge that racial discrimination really does exist. Luckily, the effort became an eye opener to others. For the first time, debates about racism were done and more groups were created to protect and implement the Convention’s regulations against racial discrimination. Associated with a region’s ability to discriminate is the huge question about that region’s identity. One article that talks about Latin America’s national and cultural identity is that written by Lourdes Martinez-Echazabal. She discusses the different view points of writers of the same nationality, Cubans, to be particular, pertaining to national identity and racial discrimination together with its effects on people’s actions and beliefs. In the given time, 1845-1959, the Afro-population had been identified with anything negative – the poor, the brainless, the filthy, and the barbaric. As a result of this notion, the end to slave trade was once made in an attempt to stop the multiplication of the Afro-population in Latin America since more black people implied an uncivilized and diseased region that would hinder if not stop the social and cultural development of communities in their region. Some writers thought that crossbreeding with people of lighter complexion was a step towards civilization. They were into making reforms with the colonizers. On the contrary, the other group of writers was after the independence of the region. They do this by not looking at the man’s color to judge his/her moral values or legal status. They use this argument of having a national identity, just one color regardless the mixture of race or color of the skin. Interaction and socialization among different races were encouraged in making a better and enlightened society. To be more particular, an article by Charles Hale focused on this region divided into what they call the ladinos and Mayas, ladinos being the ones with the whiter skin and European mix, and the Indians as the Mayas. As narrated in Hale’s publication, the ladinos used to be the superior group in the past decades, and the Mayas being the inferior one. Interaction of ladinos with Mayas is prohibited by the ladino elders. As time passed by, there had been some changes in the political and social set up of Guatamela. There were Maya cultural activists that fight for their cultural rights. Some ladinos changed their perspectives about the Mayas by somehow respecting the latter’s religious belief such as the fiesta of their patron saint for a start. Racism was definitely gearing towards the Mayas, but due to the number in population with the Mayas taking up considerably the higher percentage of the population, the ladinos started to become confused if they really are the reigning race. The people interviewed by Hale were still hesitant, somehow, when asked about the cultural discrimination against the Mayans. Their answers were unsure maybe because there is no certainty on the cultural development of their region. Confused answers to simple cultural questions were provided. Confused people with confused cultural beliefs would definitely result to complications in interest and one confused country. It is amazing how these writers distort ideas and beliefs. From the denial, to the national identity, to the confused region, now, we have another twist of things about mestizaje and cultural and national identity. Saldaà ±a-Portillo’s arguments, still, are about mestizaje and how particular regions react to it. In her publication, mestizaje is promoted as a step towards citizenship, towards establishment of national culture. In the past reviews, it is usually the â€Å"whites† dominating or taking over the â€Å"blacks†. However in this case, it is still true that Indians are viewed as a sign of an uncivilized community, but some things are viewed the differently. Not that these Indians literally taking over the region and the government, but these colonizers, the Spanish and the Europeans, actually being taken over by the Indians in other perspectives. It is about the women colonizers and the Indian men, Spanish not being the first language, and a biological trace in history. Discussion about women having their roles and rights in the community, for the first time, were mentioned and discussed upon for these â€Å"rights† might be at odds with their group’s statute. Ethnic groups were also given right to the land they lived on. Regardless these new points that might unite certain regions, mestizaje would remain to be seen as these regions accept one another regardless the race, the face, or the beliefs. I must admit that racial discrimination, despite all the efforts to avoid and fight it, still exists up to this day. There are similarities in situations in these articles. These readings are mostly about the search and battle for cultural and national identity mostly of people in the Latin American region. The Afro-population or the â€Å"black† as others would commonly label their group, is often, if not mostly deprived of access to property, media, and means of production. I agree when they say that you shouldn’t judge a book by its cover. It’s the same with people – don’t judge a person by his color because a person is more than just the color of his skin or the details of his face. There is the spirit. There are the values. Maybe the good thing about classifying people is when they are proud to be of that race not because they are whiter or taller, but because people from their region, their race has done something good and inspiring that effect people of other race or region. It is when that person is proud to be of that race because his people have helped so many deprived others. But how often do these things happen? How often does a person become proud because he has â€Å"Indian† features? This is one proof that racial discrimination has been in existentfor so long that it has been part of our practices and to think and establish such notions. Generalization should be avoided because this starts the heating debate and fight about discrimination. Every human being is different, unique. It just so happened that he/she possesses such features, that he/she was born on that region. Nevertheless, that person is no different from you and me. Mestizaje has affected so many races, if not all of them, that it actually is a part of life, of history, of the lives even of the first people on earth.. It is inevitable because it is human nature socialize, and interact. The good thing about the present is having institutions against racism, acknowledgment of the problem, and awareness that the system applies sanctions to violators because it does not tolerate such prejudice. It is good to know that with these things, we need not be afraid for our children and our children’s children because there are people to protect them and fight for them. However, when can we really say that we, our children, and the coming generations would be free from hatred? From prejudice? From undergoing the inequality we had been experiencing since time immemorial? When? Works Cited Dulitzky, Ariel. A Region in Denial: Racial Discrimination and Racism in Latin America†, Neither Enemies Nor Friends: Latinos, Blacks, Afro-Latinos. Ed. A. Dziedzienyo and S. Oboler. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. pp.39-60. Hale, Charles. â€Å"Travel Warning: Elite Appropriations of Hybridity, Mestizaje, Antiracism, Equality, and Other Progressive-sounding Discourses in High Land Guatamela.† Journal of American Folklore. 112. 445 (Summer 1999): 297-315. Martinez-Echazabal, Lourdes. â€Å"Mestizaje and the Discourse of National/Cultural Identity in Latin America, 1845-1959.† Latin American Perspectives. 100 vols. 25.3 (May 1998). 21-42. Saldaà ±a-Portillo, Josefina. â€Å"Who’s the Indian in Aztlan? Re-Writing Mestizaje, Indianism, and Chicanismo from Lacandon.† The Latin American Subaltern Studies Reader. Ed. I.Rodriguez. NC: Duke University Press, 2001. pp.402-423. How to cite Mestizaje and Its Critics, Essay examples

Incusion Program For Cerebral Palsy Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Incusion Program For Cerebral Palsy. Answer: Case study: Lydia is a happy and joyful four years old kid. She in the youngest of the two siblings and is supposedly moving to Australia. Lydia is a gifted child who is bilingual in nature. Her family speaks two languages at home, English and French. Despite such talents, Lydia suffers from Cerebral Palsy that resulted due to some development setback. Lydias inclusion support officer, who visits her once a week, looks after her. Lydias support officer works in collaboration with educators to help develop newer strategies that can be implemented in classrooms. Lydias family prioritize about her involvement into play experiences that nurture her development in social and cognitive skills., which would in turn help her lead a normal and independent life with friends. The United Nations Convention on Rights for Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) highlights the opinion that inclusion is vital for everyone and the early years of learning framework highlights on the principle 4. the importance of resp ecting the diversity. Henceforth, it is necessary to understand and admire the diversity by overlooking the indifference. In order to install better knowledge to mitigate the situation, Training Modules run by Cerebral Palsy Training Alliance would be beneficial to understand and help Lydia and several others like her, develop their social skills. With working in cooperation with families and supporting professionals, developing an Individual Family Service Plan (IFSP) would facilitate the progress professionally. Points to be noted while devising a highly standardized inclusion plan to meet the needs of individuals like Lydia. Develop a highly safe, engaging, interactive and linguistically relevant program (Levitt, 2013). Modify and adapt the routines, displays and the room set up as per the needs. Implant learning prospects into activities and schedules. Implementation of unambiguous child directed guidelines. Points that should be taken care of by an instructor while implementing a inclusion plan to retain quality standards. Educational curriculum and practice Child Welfare Environment Personnel Arrangements Rapport with children Cooperation with families and communities (Chiarello et al., 2016) Leadership and service management Financial support In order to deliver eminent service and supportive inclusion programs, funding are important to help the program deliver better results by imparting advanced skills, resources and careers options. In case of Lydia, the funding support came through Inclusion Support Program that was incorporated on July 2016. These programs assist the children in need through customized inclusion advice, support agencies, funding support, advanced equipments. The key elements of these programs are Inclusion agencies Inclusion improvement fund Inclusion improvement fund administrator Inclusion support agencies (ISA) These agencies provide support settings along with practical support from auxiliary precedent groups. This is significant due to the worthiness that these groups help to children with disabilities along with children in need as well. KU Childrens Service is managing this program. About Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy is a common motor disorder that affects a persons abilities to move and maintain stability as well as posture. Individuals suffering from cerebral palsy have difficulties in expressing their thoughts and ideas due to short attention span and motor disabilities. Individuals suffering from cerebral palsy use an alternate form of communication through use of gestures, expressions and communication devices. About bilingualism Bilingualism refers to the ability of using multiple languages that helps access to different literary and cultural practices, in turn assisting the familial stability. Bilingualism does not interrupt a childs linguistic development (Hoffmann, 2014). Bilingual abilities help other individuals develop and gather knowledge about the oblivious languages and the family literacy can be implemented into institutional learning. This would in turn help in lingual diversification (Cummins Swain, 2014). References Chiarello, L. A., Palisano, R. J., Maggs, J. M., Orlin, M. N., Almasri, N., Kang, L. J., Chang, H. J. (2016). Family priorities for activity and participation of children and youth with cerebral palsy.Physical therapy,90(9), 1254-1264. Cummins, J., Swain, M. (2014).Bilingualism in education: Aspects of theory, research and practice. Routledge. Hoffmann, C. (2014).Introduction to bilingualism. Routledge. Levitt, S. (2013).Treatment of cerebral palsy and motor delay. John Wiley Sons.

Is Walmart Good For America

With suppliers located in China, Vietnam and Cambodia, Wal-Mart is able to provide consumers with products priced at a far lower rate as compared to their product counterparts from manufacturers based in the U.S.(CBC Documentary, 2009). Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Is Walmart Good For America? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This situation is in part due to the far lower labor cost, material cost and business incentives that production in regions such as Asia brings. What this means for U.S. based consumers is the ability to buy products at a lower rate than they otherwise would have been able to resulting in significant savings over the course of a year (CBC Documentary, 2009). As the world’s largest company and retailer, Wal-Mart has come to be a representation of a distinct shift in the balance of market power wherein retailers instead of manufacturers take a dominant role in today’s econom y (Petrovic Hamilton, N.D.). This is in part due to the effects of globalization wherein the procurement strategies of retailers are no longer limited to a local or regional basis but rather take into account the reality of a global supplier base (Petrovic Hamilton, N.D.). Yet it must be questioned whether such savings actually helps American shoppers and in a larger context it must be asked whether Wal-Mart is truly good for America or is it detrimental towards the development of the American economy? It must be noted that consumer spending is the driving force behind the American economy. People spending money on products keeps a local business functioning which in turn provides jobs in the local economy giving people the ability to spend. In essence it is a cycle of spending that encourages economic growth and stability. When Wal-Mart came into the picture it presented consumers with the ability to purchase products at a far lower cost per product ratio as compared to other shopping centers (CBC Documentary, 2009). Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This was done by reducing the pay scale of employees to the bare minimum which as result enabled the company to lower the cost of operations enabling it to lower the price of the products it sold (CBC Documentary, 2009). Their strategy of cutting costs through any means possible in order to keep the price of products low has resulted in local manufacturing jobs to slowly but surely disappear from the landscape of the U.S. (Paruchuri et al., 2009). This of course creates problems for consumer spending resulting in a slowdown of the U.S. economy due to fewer people having jobs. This resulting situation has more people choosing the affordable and cheap products that Wal-Mart provides and as a result this starts a new cycle where instead of continuous economic growth and prosperity there is a slow but s ure deterioration of the U.S. economy (Elliot and Powell, 2003). Is Wal-Mart Good For the World? The procurement strategies employed by Wal-Mart are actually a boon for the economies of several countries. The global outsourcing industry has actually fueled the growth of countries such as China resulting in resurgence and growth in their economies. The jobs that were once based in the U.S. are now in the hands of foreign workers which has fueled and increased consumer spending in their respective economies causing a sudden spike in their growth rates. Within the past 20 years this method of lowering costs has encompassed the global outsourcing industry where products for sale within Wal-Mart are no longer exclusively produced in the U.S. but rather are sourced from multiple international locations. Wal-Mart is not alone in this particular procurement strategy with multiple companies doing the exact same thing however it is due to the size of the superstore with 4,200 locations in the U.S. alone which causes it to have a greater impact on the economy (Palmer et al., 2003).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Is Walmart Good For America? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion The reason why Wal-Mart has such a profound influence on both the U.S. and international economies is due to its sheer size and purchasing power which greatly influences the flow of products and services around the world. As such, though the strategies employed by Wal-Mart are in fact detrimental for the growth of the U.S. economy they are in fact rather beneficial towards the growth of several countries in the global economy. Works Cited CBC Documentary. New Age of Walmart. (2009). Retrieved from www.hulu.com/watch/103756/cnbc-originals-the-new-age-of-walmart#s-p1-so-i0 Elliott, Dorinda, and Powell, Bill. â€Å"Walmart Nation.† Time 165.26 (2005): 36-39. Vocational and Career Collection. EBSCO. Web. Paruchur i, Srikanth, Baum, Joel and Potere, David. â€Å"The Wal-Mart Effect:Wave of Destruction or Creative Destruction?.† Economic Geography 85.2 (2009): 209-236. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Petrovic, M. Hamilton, G. Making Global Markets Walmart and its Suppliers. (N.D.). pg. 107 – 141 This essay on Is Walmart Good For America? was written and submitted by user Dayana Frye to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

National and International Contexts Essays - Foreign Relations, Law

National and International Contexts Essays - Foreign Relations, Law National and International Contexts Childhood treated as a social construction raises concerns on the condition of children (elective notes) like early exposure to adult hood, vulnerability to exploitation be it in various forms; and the several demarcations of childhood as determined by policy. For example minimum age of admission to primary education, employment, further education. Therborn (1996) describes situations of collective action to promote change. An example cited is UNICEF. It was established in the after math of world war II as a temporary measure to provide emergency-humanitarian relief. It soon took over permanency to work for children particulars in education as a measure that will ensure elimination of child labour and exploitation. The WHO came up with several programmes to develop children's well being and health. Another observations development of a rights perspective and law for children was through a Child Rights Convention. Collective action lies at heart of policy that aims to promote and safeguard welfare of children. A rights perspective has the advantage of going beyond nation state politics to an international law with a norms and standards approach that treats political environment of children in a more meaningful manner. Knuttson (1997) argues that any development approach which is directed at influencing community change should involve children as active agents of change and "Emancipation". The impact and role of feminism through impact on family care and work affects children and their rights. The state of the World's Children 2007 Report states "Gender Equality and the well being of Children go hand in hand. When women are empowered to live full and productive lives children prosper UNICEF'S experience also shows the opposite. When women are denied equal opportunity within a society children suffer (Ann M Veneman, Executive Director United Nations children Fund, State of World in children 2007- UNICEF 2007.) The International programme on Elimination of Child Labour, (IPEC) is the International Labour Organistion (ILO) response to provide direct assistance to countries to tackle child labour and give teeth to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child made effective in 1989. Today (IPEC) has 30 funders and 86 programme countries.The ILO in it's report "The end of child labour; within reach" released in 2006 says, in 2004 there were 218 million children trapped in child labour of whom 126 million were in hazardous work. However the number of child labourers globally fell by 11% over the last four years, while that of children in hazardous work decreased by 26%. IPEC the campaign instrument against child labour conducted by ILO commenced in 1992 and has made several break throughs in advocacy; tackling the worst forms of child labour; developing a learning culture and mainstreaming child labour within the Decent Work agenda. ILO is also aware of future challenges. Child labour elimination may be mainstreamed into key development and Human Rights frame works like Millennium Development Goals and poverty reduction strategies. (www.ilo.org/declaration) Child labor first emerged as a major public policy issue with the impact of the industrial revolution. Industrialized Countries offered several packages of intervention to overcome presence of child labour like advocacy campaigns; public inquiries; minimum age legislation; education provision for working children. These have been expanded, in modern times and many developing counties have emulated these initiatives. The Elimination of child labour is linked with provision of compulsory, free and accessible education. Without educational opportunities it is likely that children will enter the labour market and take on dangerous and exploitative jobs. The Dakar Forum of 185 countries resolved to provide all children of primary age free schooling of quality by year 2015 and eliminate gender disparities by year 2005. Much remains to be achieved. Although concept of Education for All has not taken off the ground at an international scale, efforts are made with community groups, parents, employers, and government officials to remove children from work voluntarily and enroll them in school. An example is efforts of an NGO(MV foundation) made in India in state of Andrah Pradesh. It enabled 150,000 to be enrolled and retained in schools and more than 4,000 bonded labourers released and of 500 villages under project 168 made free of child labour. These results were achieved through awareness raising and demand for education of children; support for teachers through special training; support parents to provide alternatives to labour of child withdrawn; provide clearing schools to prepare children for formal education. (source: Child Labour a Global concern, www.schoolisthebestplacetowork.org) Some ILO actions against child labour. One of main aims set for ILO at its foundation in 1991 was abolition of child labour . ILO standards were embodied in concept of minimum age for

Professional Ethics Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Professional Ethics - Research Paper Example If he decides to send him to the asylum, then he is snatching away his independence but is reducing risk that the patient can pose to himself and others. Thus, the physician has to face a conflict between what is legal and what is ethical. Personal Values and Professional Ethics †¢ The physician interacting with the patient should be honest and straightforward, and should deal with the patient in a candid fashion. †¢ The patient should also be honest with the physician. †¢ The patient’s consent should be considered before sharing, selling or disclosing his personal information. †¢ The patient’s privacy should be maintained by blocking unauthorized access to his health records and personal data. †¢ Informed Consent is about having the capable patient take part in making decisions about his healthcare and treatment process (Wear, 1992). The patient should be well informed about all the circumstances and his wishes and judgment has to be considered by the practitioner. Ethical Theories and Principles According to Rainbow (2002), â€Å"ethical theories and principles are the foundations of ethical analysis because they are the viewpoints from which guidance can be obtained along the pathway to a decision.† Ethical Principles Beneficence. ... Justice. This principle states that physicians make ethical decisions that are fair to the patient and all those who are involved in the treatment process. The decisions should be made on logical bases. Ethical Theories Deontology. This theory focuses on that physicians should stick to their responsibilities when they are facing a dilemma in making ethical decisions. This will help them to make consistent decisions while adhering to their ethical obligations. Utilitarianism. This theory helps the physician to make choices whose consequences are better for the patient. He will make a decision that will yield greatest benefit to all involved. Rights. This theory respects and protects the rights of people as enforced by the society itself. Casuist. This theory enables the physicians to make decision about an ethical dilemma by comparing it to similar dilemmas and their consequences that might have happened in the past. Virtue. This theory is about judging a person through his values and standards rather than by his actions. Application to My Current Practice My current practice as a health practitioner is providing healthcare to e-consumers. I apply all ethical theories and principles because I aim to provide beneficence to my e-patients with least harm I can inflict upon them. I respect their decisions and stick to my ethical obligations. I strictly follow the Casuist theory whenever I am in some kind of a dilemma. For example, once I had to prescribe a diabetes patient to start insulin injections but I found out that his body was too frail to bear the injections twice a day. So, I referred to previous case histories of my patients to find out a

The Compromise of Self and Identity within Indonesian Contemporary Art Essay

The Compromise of Self and Identity within Indonesian Contemporary Art - Essay Example The essay "The Compromise of Self and Identity within Indonesian Contemporary Art" talks about Indonesian Contemporary Art in the context of Compromise of Self and Identity. The aptitude for dialogue and ability to represent energetic reality is allowing the Indonesian contemporary artists to epitomize the most fundamental language. In addition, it has been an observation that any conceptual or artistic expression is always attenuated by a powerful, socio-political-cultural testimony. Perhaps nowhere is this disparity more strikingly seen than the swirling ideas in the exploration of self and identity, which undoubtedly fomented and regenerated repeatedly. Even so, the range of artworks conceived have become the â€Å"in-between† platform and terrain of difference that form their identity. In recent years, the social, political, and cultural reference within the formation of collective idealism has been called into question. The complexity of identity formation has reached a p oint in which so many versions of the self seem plausible. However, many artists offer a conception of both actual and conceptual self in which they coexist within cultural hybridization occurring in Indonesia. In this conception, the defining features of each self are retained and understandable to exist only in relationship to one another, like figure and ground, front stage and back stage as a single undifferentiated system of self and identity. In this regard, Indonesian artists today are capable of holding off. every explicit local or ethnic exercise while constructing new artistic or cultural traditions within their art. In specific, it is that duality of the idea of expression and ability to associate that gives way to opportunities of significant dialogue and powerful presentation of self. Unfortunately, it is observation that Indonesian contemporary art confronts misinterpretation as outsiders do not know the current situation in Indonesia, or that their knowledge on Indone sia is not up-to-date, hence, failing to understand the symbolism, perspective, and scope that the artwork entails. In short, taking consideration of not being present, the artwork becomes insignificant and loses integrity of its history. What one comprehends as the real identity of Indonesian art is in fact comes with various confrontations and misapplications, which eventually become difficult to be handled constructively. Various statements and answers on what message is actually conveyed in the artwork ultimately only succeed to reveal the fact that the art is still being questioned. Thus, one can understand why at certain times, the principals of art in this country are determined to find the ‘true identity’, while threatening all the potential establishment of ‘false identities’. The term ‘contemporary Indonesian art’—or its fractions, ‘art’ or ‘contemporary’, has never been under instant declaration. Ther efore, that term alongside with the awareness in understanding it develops gradually, and has its own contexts within the discourse. Although curator Jim Supangkat was not the pioneer of ‘contemporary art’ during the significant shift in Indonesian art; however, during that time, through his views and in supporting other artists, he was

Dietrich Bonhoeffer Against Hitler

Dietrich Bonhoeffer Against Hitler Dietrich Bonhoeffer is remembered for many things. He was a highly influential theologian and preacher. His importance as a theologian has only increased since his death. However, he is also remembered for his opposition against Nazi Germany. For the purposes of this paper, I look at three aspects of Bonhoeffers involvement. First, I examine his statements against Hitler and the extent to which he sought to make his opinions known. Second, I consider his involvement in conspiracies to eliminate Hitler. Lastly, I examine Bonhoeffers reflections on his actions, which he wrote while in prison. Although Bonhoeffers actions may raise many questions of morality and ethics, there is no doubt that he played a significant role within the opposition of Nazi Germany. When many people study the Holocaust, they fault Christians for remaining silent as Hitler performed one horrific act after another. Many would say that silence was just as horrible as killing the victims. Bonhoeffer cannot be faulted for this. Rather, he proved to be very outspoken. One of his most popular speeches was that on a German radio show. He was to speak on The Younger Generations Altered View of the Concept of Fuhrer in the Berlin Potsdamerstrasse Voxhaus (broadcasting house). Dietrich was not hesitant to express how he felt about the Fuhrer principle. This speech was given on February 1, 1933, and Hitler had just risen to power days prior. Much of Bonhoeffers words addressed the notion that the youth had been led astray concerning their concept of the Fuhrer. His boldest statement was said toward the end of the broadcast. However, once broadcasters realized that these words should not be heard by others, he was turned off. This was proof that Joseph Goebbels (the Nazi min ister of propaganda) had most likely gained the control of the radio station. Bonhoeffer stated that his speech was carefully planned to fit the allotted time. His final sentences read, should the leader surrender to the wishes of his followers, who would always make him their idol- then the image of the Leader will gradually become the image of the misleaderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Leaders or offices which set themselves up as gods mock God (Bethge, pg. 260). His entire speech was later copied and distributed. Bonhoeffer felt that the Fuhrer principle was nothing short of idolatry. Therefore, he was implying that Hitler demanded his people to worship him. This was contempt. This proved to be one of Dietrich Bonhoeffers first outbursts on Hitler. However, there were many others of the sort. There is an account in which Bishop Bell gives that he speaks of Bonhoeffer being very outspoken against Germany. Bell recalls sitting with him amongst others at a friends home in Geneva. Dietrich is approached with the question about what he is praying for. He responds with very harsh statements. If you want to know the truth, I pray for the defeat of my nation, for I believe that is the only way to pay for all the suffering which my country has caused in the world (Bosanquet, pg. 229). He was much convicted about the acts of injustice in which Hitler was repeatedly performing. Bonhoeffer knew that the annihilation of the Jews was wrong, and he was not ashamed to let others know his beliefs. Bell gives an account of a later statement that Bonhoeffer made, If we claim to be Christians there is no room for expediency. Hitler is Antichrist; therefore we must go on with our work and eliminate him, whether he be successful or not (Bosanquet, pg. 229). He felt that it was necessary for him to aid in the elimination of the Fuhrer. Next, I study Bonhoeffers involvement in the conspiracy to kill Hitler. He participated in the Abwehr, which was the military counter intelligence. Within this group was also his brother-in-law, Hans von Dohnanyi. It is said that Dohnanyi was directly involved in the plot to assassinate Hitler. However, Bonhoeffer had somewhat of a different role. It was his duty to contact other countries to gain their support if the assassination were to prove successful. He spent much time traveling, making others aware of the resistance movement. He felt that it was important to know that they had allies assuming that the German government was taken over. Upon visiting Geneva, he attempted to convince them of this, What they needed, Dietrich explained, was a signal from the Allies that once the Nazis were overthrown, the Allies were prepared to recognize a new German government (Raum, pg. 126). This was clearly a well thought out plan. Dietrich traveled to Norway, Italy, as well as Switzerland to gain the support of Bishop Bell. He also attempted to make connections with other German resistance groups, but difficulties arose. A very important assassination attempt took place on March 7, 1943. Hitler was traveling to East Prussia by way of plane. A gift disguised as a box of Brandy was given to him. However, it was a bomb. The bomb was sneaked onto the plane, but it never ignited. Involved in this attempt were members of the Abwehr. This included General Oster, Admiral Canaris, Dohnanyi, Fabian von Schlabrendorff, and General Henning von Tresckow (Raum, pg. 132). Due to the failed attempt, the Abwehr decided to try again. They developed another strategy to kill Hitler. Hitler was originally scheduled to attend a ceremony at an army museum on March 16, 1943, however he rescheduled for March 21st. Colonel von Gersdorff was supposed to get the bomb into Hitlers presence without causing much commotion, even if this meant killing himself in the process. Needless to say, this attempt failed as well. Fortunately, they were not caught in the attempt to execute the assassination. Bonhoeffer was at home with his family during this attempt; however he was expecting a phone call announcing Hitlers assassination, and was disappointed to hear of the failed endeavor. There was in fact a third attempt to kill Hitler, but Bonhoeffer had already been arrested. He was arrested in 1943 in connection with the assassination attempt on Hitler (Scott and Cavanaugh, pg. 139). However, since the Abwehr was a secret group, many of the documents were hidden or destroyed. As a result, there was limited evidence. Much of the evidence used to arrest Bonhoeffer was his connection to Operation 7. The operation was designed to help to free several Jews. The Abwehr was attempting to help the Jews to Switzerland. The fact that Bonhoeffer was involved in several attempts to kill Hitler raises many questions. Due to the fact that Dietrich considered himself a devout member of the Confessing Church makes one question how his beliefs would support such an act. However, Dietrich does not express any conviction about his involvement in the multiple plots to murder Hitler. Bonhoeffer clearly felt that the assassination of Hitler was the last resort. Hitlers actions were proving to gain momentum and were spinning out of control. Therefore Dietrich felt that it was necessary to take action. Through the reading of his writings leading up to his death, he does not seem to be living in fear. He almost appears to be welcoming death. In the first sentence of a writing titled Death, he states Come now thou greatest of feasts on the journey to freedom eternal (Bosanquet, pg. 265). As one can see, Bonhoeffer appears to be at great peace with his fate. Many within the prison commented that Bonhoeffer seemed to be very lively and almost happy. Others would argue that this was due to the fact that the Soviets were closing in and that the prisoners were anticipating liberation. However, fellow prisoners describe it as an inner joy that he experienced. This joy Bonhoeffer desired to share with others. During his imprisonment at Tegel while awaiting trial, many descri be Bonhoeffer as victorious. Bonhoeffer experienced a change of heart. As a result, he no longer viewed his own sufferings within prison as something of which he should be concerned. Rather he stated, we throw ourselves completely into the arms of God, taking seriously not our own sufferings, but the sufferings of God in the world (Bosanquet, pg. 271). Bonhoeffer viewed the acts of injustice as not only actions taken against innocent victims, he saw them as actually taking unjust actions toward God. It appears as if Dietrich did not view his involvement in the Abwehr as wrong. Through his writings in prison and the comments of others, he had a clear conscience and eagerly awaited his arrival in Heaven. In conclusion, Dietrich Bonhoeffer was a very influential person during the World War II and especially in opposition to the Nazi Regime. As one can see in his radio broadcast, from the beginning he was very outspoken against Hitler and the Fuhrer principle. He was very bold in comparing this principle to the mockery of God. He played a very active role in the military counter intelligence (Abwehr). Bonhoeffer never hesitated in completing his assignments to gain support of the actions to overthrow the German government. Many would agree that Dietrich Bonhoeffer was very confident that his actions against Hitler were not wrong. Rather, he felt that they were his duty as a result of a conviction to do the right thing. His statements on death and also his inner joy as a result of a relationship with God greatly support this claim.

How Does Culture Affect Meaning and Communication Essay

Nowadays we live in what is considered a â€Å"global village†, over time we have collectively worked towards this end. The need and desire to create a closer global community is not only seen as a technological advantage but an economic benefit. The world as we know it gets smaller every day, thanks to a new generation of social media applications such as facebook or twitter, which links vast communities together; communities and cultures are no longer cut off or remote. Take facebook for example, it has over 1 billion users, if it were a country it would be the third largest by population. (www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/2013/012313.htm) Whether you live and work in remote Antarctica or bustling Hong Kong, technology and the studies of inter-culture communication ensures that people, governments and organizations can work effectively together in a harmonious and beneficial way. Naturally, this is an ideal situation, but as experience tells us, nothing is ever as simple. This essay explores how cultural differences effect meaning and communication. In doing so it will look at the definition of culture, what it is, and how it affects meaning. Furthermore, it will look at the acclaimed Dutch researcher, Geert Hofstede’s four dimensions of corporate culture as a framework to define and categorize cultural differences. Finally, it will raise potential problems raised in the field of inter-cultural communications and provide suggestions to overcome them. What is culture? Currently there are over â€Å"7 billion human inhabitants living on this planet. Each of these earth dwellers comes from a specific culture. (geography.about.com/od/obtainpopulationdata/a/worldpopulation.htm) As the world becomes smaller, not physically, but by the use of new media and technology, as they traverse earth looking for new or better opportunities, so must they face the modern conundrum of understanding firstly, what is culture, and secondly, how the differences between cultures effect meaning and communications. Without an understanding of different cultures, the potential for misunderstanding is high, with the ever-present possibility of a breakdown in relationships and opportunities. (Dostine, 2008, pg 58) text book suggests that all humans can be broadly defined by our culture. In essence, we are all born into a culture that over time has been passed down from previous generations, bestowing a rich history, significant culture defining traits such as its religion, its values and ethics, its ceremonies, rites and rituals, languages, customs, laws and business practices. Moreover, verbal and non-verbal communications practices that differ from one culture to the next. Therefore, suffice to say that the more we know about each other’s cultures the more effective our communication and co-habitation of the planet will be. How does cultural effect meaning? At the best of times, communication between individuals can be somewhat challenging. Add to that mix, communicating with people from another cultures and suddenly, the propensity for misunderstanding and in some cases offence can very easily take place as a result of the differences between the cultural backgrounds, understanding and meaning between the sender and receiver can be in stark contrast. This can be due to the increase in variables in the communication mix, therefore making global interaction more complex. Furthermore, people’s perception or way of thinking, hearing or seeing can vary quite extensively from one culture to the next. It could be strongly argued that it would be highly advantageous for both parties to be aware of the differences and therefore the potential for problems that arise from inter-cultural communication. Nowadays, many multi-national organizations, governments and educators have training and education programs in place. They see the importance in creating a clear, concise and respectful flow of communications between cultures. An example of this could be the department of foreign affairs and trade (DFAT) in Canberra. One of its main functions is to liaise internally and externally to better position itself to and for greater opportunity. It would be highly likely that the department has educated its employees in the science of how to deal effectively with other cultures (governments, organizations, businesses). One of DFATs main objectives is to â€Å"work with other government agencies to ensure that Australia’s pursuit of its global, regional and bilateral interests is coordinated effectively†. (dfat.gov.au/dept/what-we-do.html) In the field of organizational cultural studies, a Dutch researcher known as Geert Hofstede went on to publish his highly regarded findings. These findings have become a highly influential and acceptable way in which modern organizations can asses the difference between national culture and organizational culture. Hostede, seen as a pioneer in area of corporate culture, created a framework in which to asses national cultural groups and how they may affect or influence behaviors within an organization. Hofstede’s research in the 1980s, included the survey and analysis of hundreds of thousands of employees across fifty countries, to further increase the validity of his findings he followed up several years later by re-surveying these workers. In his work Hofstede asserted that the values that differentiated counties from each other fell into four dissimilar categories or clusters. Through the process of his study in corporate culture, Hofstede’s created a framework whereby he classified culture into four different dimensions. These dimensions looked at four anthropological problem areas that societies tend to handle differently to one another. Such as, ways in which they cope with inequality, uncertainty, the relationship between the individual and their primary group and implication of the persons sex. Born from this was Hofsted’s four dimensions of national culture. They become knows as Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism versus Collectivism, and Masculinity versus Femininity. (www.geerthofstede.nl/dimensions-of-national-cultures) In discussing the Four Dimensions of Culture, Hofstede claims that: Power Distance Power distance is the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. This represents inequality (more versus less), but defined from below, not from above. It suggests that a society’s level of inequality is endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders. Power and inequality, of course, are extremely fundamental facts of any society and anybody with some international experience will be aware that â€Å"all societies are unequal, but some are more unequal than others†. Uncertainty Avoidance Uncertainty avoidance deals with a society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured situations are novel, unknown, surprising, and different from usual. Uncertainty avoiding cultures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures, and on the philosophical and religious level by a belief in absolute Truth: â€Å"there can only be one Truth and we have it†. People in uncertainty avoiding countries are also more emotional, and motivated by inner nervous energy. The opposite type, uncertainty accepting cultures, are more tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to; they try to have as few rules as possible, and on the philosophical and religious level they are relativist and allow many currents to flow side by side. People within these cultures are more phleg matic and contemplative, and not expected by their environment to express emotions. Individualism Individualism on the one side versus its opposite, collectivism is the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups. On the individualist side, we find societies in which the ties between individuals are loose: everyone is expected to look after her/himself and her/his immediate family. On the collectivist side, we find societies in which people from birth onwards are integrated into strong, cohesive in-groups, often extended families (with uncles, aunts and grandparents) that continue protecting them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty. The word collectivism in this sense has no political meaning: it refers to the group, not to the state. Again, the issue addressed by this dimension is an extremely fundamental one, regarding all societies in the world. Masculinity Masculinity versus its opposite, femininity refers to the distribution of emotional roles between the genders which is another fundamental issue for any society to which a range of solutions are found. The IBM studies revealed that (a) women’s values differ less among societies than men’s values; (b) men’s values from one country to another contain a dimension from very assertive and competitive and maximally different from women’s values on the one side, to modest and caring and similar to women’s values on the other. The assertive pole has been called masculine and the modest, caring pole feminine. The women in feminine countries have the same modest, caring values as the men; in the masculine countries they are more assertive and more competitive, but not as much as the men, so that these countries show a gap between men’s values and women’s values. (www.geerthofstede.nl/dimensions-of-national-cultures) Whilst Hofsted’s four dimensions are highly regarded, further research has highlighted other areas that effect intercultural communication and understanding. These include context, language and non-verbal communications. Firstly, it is almost impossible to investigate research into the cross-cultural issues without making mention of Edward Hall’s research in the area; he asserted that cultures are defined by context. (Hansen & Lee, pg,30) A person’s behavior can be affected by its cultural context. (Dostine, 2008) From here, he broke context down into low context cultures; these prefer direct verbal interaction with minimal regard to context. Examples include Australia, USA, Germany, Switzerland, and Scandinavian cultures.

Gabriela Mistral’s, “Tiny Feet” Analysis Essay

A child’s tiny feet, Blue, blue with cold, How can they see and not protect you? Oh, my God! (1-4) Tiny wounded feet, Bruised all over by pebbles, Abused by snow and soil! (5-7) Man, being blind, ignores that where you step, you leave A blossom of bright light, that where you have placed your bleeding little soles a redolent tuberose grows. (8-13) Since, however, you walk through the streets so straight, you are courageous, without fault.(14-16) Child’s tiny feet, Two suffering little gems, How can the people pass, unseeing. (17-19) The poem â€Å"Tiny Feet† (1945) by Gabriela Mistral is a heart breaking poem that describes to us the lives of poverty-stricken children and the need for society to help and protect them. Mistral’s poems resulted from a life of tragedies that she, herself endured. When she was 3 years old, her father left home and never returned, leaving her mother and half-sister to raise her. Mistral was falsely accused of wasting classroom materials in school, and was unable to defend herself. She was then victimized by her peers when they threw stones at her and she was sent home to be taught by her half-sister. This was the first instance of injustice and human cruelty that she encountered which left a profound impression on her as a poet. She was determined to speak for the defenseless, humble and the poor. In the poem, her views are expressed as to how society ignores child poverty. The tone is sad at the beginning of the poem. Within the first stanza, Mistral explains the scene of the poem perfectly. Mistral presents the description of the barefooted feet of a little child, whom has no shoes in the following lines, â€Å"A child’s tiny feet, Blue, blue with cold† (1-2). She lets the reader know that the child is suffering in the cold with his painful, wounded feet, yet no one cares if he has shoes or not. â€Å"How can they see and not protect you?† (3), here Mistral points out that no one stops to help or protect the child. They just walk by as if they don’t even notice. The author, who was a religious woman cries out, â€Å"Oh, my God!† (4) She calls out to God to help her to understand how the people could ignore the child and its needs. Mistral’s love for the child is expressed in this stanza with passion and wrath. This stanza leaves the reader to question how people could not see the issue of child poverty that is visual right in front of people passing by. The second stanza describes the harsh environments in which the child is living and the hardships it has to face every day. The lines â€Å"Tiny wounded feet, Bruised all over by pebbles, Abused by snow and soil!† (5-7) describe the image of the feet and that they are battered and torn from the elements. Mistral explains to the reader about the suffering and distress the child is enduring, not because his feet hurt, but that no one cares or tries to protect him from harm. Mistral employs the device of imagery to display this scene, as the reader can clearly visualize the child’s battered feet. The images directly connect the reader because we can easily feel the child’s pain. The third stanza speaks of the child’s innocence in the world. â€Å"Man, being blind, ignores that where you step you leave, a blossom of bright light† (8-10) depicts that for each step the child takes it could be towards progress but because the people are to blind to see them, they will never know their full potential or what they could become. â€Å"That where you have placed your bleeding little soles a redolent tuberose grows† (11-13), the author explains that is not the child’s fault that he has to endure these hardships. She expresses that society could help the child by giving him a chance at a better life and see what progress could be made, but still they  ignore him and the possibility. The fourth stanza explains the courage the child has while facing adversity. By reviewing the first two lines, â€Å"Since, however, you walk through the streets so straight,† (14-15) the reader can understand that the child is brave, and is not giving up hope, for one day he may have a better life. The last line of the fourth stanza states that â€Å"You are courageous, without fault† (16) and shows the reader that through adversity and hardships, the child seems to not give up and that it is no fault of his own that he currently has to live this life of poverty. Mistral criticizes society for not wanting to help the child. Two incomplete sentences and a question make up the fifth stanza. The incomplete sentences help the reader to understand the view of the author. In the lines â€Å"Child’s tiny feet, Two suffering little gems,† (17-18) the author addresses the agony the child is enduring and compares the child’s feet to gems, stating how children are a blessing, and should be protected as you would protect any precious gem. Mistral ends the poem with the following question, â€Å"How can the people pass, unseeing.† (19) The ‘unseeing’ people are those that take for granted the blessing of children, as having her own children is something she deeply desires. Mistral is concerned about the future of the child in a society that looked away from poverty stricken children who grew up poor knowing no other way of life. How could society continue to ignore child poverty and not intervene and protect them? The last stanza leads the reader to firmly believe that no one helped the child. Part II: Scansion and Analysis The central theme and meaning of the poem is children in poverty, and the neglect by society. Children are the innocence of the world and it is our responsibility as adults to help guide and protect them. The poem is written in free verse and it has no set meter. The only rhyme within the poem is an internal rhyme that is located within the line number 11, a â€Å"Blossom of bright light.† The tone of the poem begins as sad, and full of despair with the very idea of children living in poverty with no one to care for them. Though, by the middle of the poem, the tone changes when the  author shows hope is felt for the children because they are brave. The poem has five stanzas. The views and thoughts of the author are within all stanzas. Imagery is used throughout the poem. For instance, you can clearly imagine that because the child’s feet are so cold that they have turned blue. The reader can also visualize how the feet are bleeding from stepping on pebbles. The author uses a metaphor technique when comparing the child’s feet to precious gems as children are just as precious as gems and should be protected as such. The lines within the poem are sometimes difficult because of their harshness while reading, but the author uses this to promote an intended effect, giving the reader an emotional and uncomfortable uncertainty. The author also uses descriptive adjectives to bring deeper meaning to the poem. By using words that are not well known causes the reader to search for meanings to better understand the writing. I chose to view this poem through a thematic mode. I believe Mistral used the theme of the poem to bring awareness to society regarding childhood poverty. Her approach made it easy for the reader to understand the theme and the issue at hand. I also agree with Mistral that society as a whole turns the other way and does not want to help the neglected and poverty stricken individuals. The general message of the poem is to tell society to open its eyes to children in poverty and stop taking everything for granted. I feel that the poem is an expression of the children’s emotional and physical pain that is endured in poverty, as well as the pain the author feels by seeing the neglected children. Mistral expressed that children were the future, and in order for the future to look bright, there must be children that love the world in which they live. Works Cited Mistral, Gabriela. Poet Seers. n.d. 26 June 2014 .

George Washington The Founding Fathers - 901 Words

George Washington was the president whose ideals where the most coveted among the founding fathers. It is difficult to pinpoint a general idea of what the founding fathers wanted for the future of the United States. Some did not want banks just as Jackson did and some wanted to allow a central to making funding of the government much easier. In many ways leaders in Antebellum American were almost just as divided as the founding fathers but more visibly so. We will only look at what George Washington envisioned for the United States. His views were considered as those of many of the founding fathers. Antebellum America is the opposite of what George Washington had in mind for the future of America. George Washington’s did not like politics and severely opposed to affiliate himself with any political affiliation. He was a statesman and not a politician who would serve the people of the United States as a whole and not the specific goals and interests of his own ambition. For oth er founding fathers a republican was not what it was in the antebellum era, it meant that you served the people. This did not mean anyone could lead, it meant that the regular citizen would vote for a natural aristocrat to make decisions for them (Watson, 6). Though political parties existed, they were not pivotal in elections or the end all be all of the form for electing officials. They did not fully divide Americans and cause a rupture between two ideologies. 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